**Core Concept**
Nephelometry is a laboratory technique used to measure the concentration of particles or proteins in a solution by detecting the scattered light. This method is based on the principle of light scattering, where the intensity of the scattered light is directly proportional to the concentration of the particles.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Nephelometry measures the light scattered at a specific angle, typically 90 degrees, by the particles in the solution. This scattered light is directly proportional to the concentration of the particles. The technique utilizes a laser light source to produce a beam of light, which is then passed through the sample solution. The scattered light is detected by a photodetector, and the intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the concentration of the particles. This principle is widely used in clinical laboratories for measuring protein concentrations, such as albumin and immunoglobulins.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Nephelometry does not measure the light transmitted through the solution, which is a different principle used in techniques like spectrophotometry.
**Option B:** Nephelometry is not a method that measures the light absorbed by the particles, which is a principle used in techniques like spectrophotometry.
**Option C:** Nephelometry does not measure the light reflected by the particles, which is a principle used in techniques like turbidimetry.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Nephelometry is a sensitive and specific technique for measuring protein concentrations, and it is widely used in clinical laboratories for diagnosing and monitoring various conditions, such as multiple myeloma and nephrotic syndrome.

**Correct Answer:** C. scattered