Mutation of Wilm’s tumor is located on?
**Core Concept**
The Wilm's tumor is a type of kidney cancer that primarily affects children. The genetic basis of this tumor involves mutations in specific genes that regulate cell growth and division. Understanding the genetic location of these mutations is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The Wilm's tumor is associated with mutations in the WT1 gene, which is located on chromosome 11p13. The WT1 gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the development and differentiation of the kidneys and gonads. Mutations in WT1 can lead to the development of Wilm's tumor by disrupting normal cell growth and differentiation pathways. The WT1 gene is a tumor suppressor gene, and its inactivation or mutation can result in the uncontrolled growth of cells that characterizes cancer.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Chromosome 1p32 is not associated with Wilm's tumor. Chromosome 1p32 is actually linked to other types of cancer, such as glioblastoma and medulloblastoma.
**Option B:** Chromosome 18q21 is not a known site for Wilm's tumor mutations. Chromosome 18q21 is associated with other genetic disorders, such as hemophilia A.
**Option C:** Chromosome 17p13 is not linked to Wilm's tumor. Chromosome 17p13 is associated with other types of cancer, such as osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
WT1 mutations are not only associated with Wilm's tumor but also with other genetic disorders, such as Denys-Drash syndrome and Frasier syndrome. These disorders are characterized by the presence of Wilm's tumor, gonadal dysgenesis, and other developmental abnormalities.
**Correct Answer: D. Chromosome 11p13.**