Mutation of Wilm’s to is located on –
**Core Concept**
The Wilm's tumor suppressor gene, also known as WT1, plays a crucial role in the development and growth of the kidneys. Mutations in this gene are associated with an increased risk of Wilm's tumor, a type of kidney cancer that affects children.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The WT1 gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p13). It encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in kidney development. Mutations in WT1 can lead to the loss of its tumor suppressor function, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. The WT1 gene is a critical regulator of embryonic development, particularly in the formation of the kidneys and gonads.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Chromosome 3 is associated with the VHL gene, which is involved in the development of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, a condition characterized by the formation of tumors in multiple organs.
**Option B:** Chromosome 17 is not directly associated with Wilm's tumor or the WT1 gene.
**Option C:** Chromosome 22 is associated with the NF2 gene, which is involved in the development of neurofibromatosis type 2, a condition characterized by the formation of tumors in the nervous system.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The WT1 gene is a classic example of a tumor suppressor gene, and its mutation is a well-established risk factor for Wilm's tumor. Understanding the genetic basis of this condition is essential for developing targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes.
**Correct Answer: D. 11p13**