Most common mode of spread of tuberculosis to genital tract is :
**Core Concept**
Tuberculosis (TB) of the genital tract, also known as genital TB, is a rare but significant manifestation of extrapulmonary TB. The spread of TB to the genital tract typically occurs through hematogenous dissemination from a primary focus, often the lungs.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most common mode of spread of TB to the genital tract is through the bloodstream (hematogenous route). This occurs when TB bacteria, usually originating from a primary focus in the lungs, are carried to the genital tract via the bloodstream. The bacteria then infect the genital organs, leading to the development of genital TB. The hematogenous route allows TB to spread to distant organs, including the genital tract, without the need for direct contiguous spread.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Direct contiguous spread is not the primary mode of TB spread to the genital tract. While contiguous spread can occur, it is less common than hematogenous dissemination.
* **Option B:** Lymphatic spread is not the primary mode of TB spread to the genital tract. While lymphatic spread can occur, it is less common than hematogenous dissemination.
* **Option C:** This option is not provided.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Genital TB is often associated with infertility, and the most common site of involvement is the fallopian tubes. Women with genital TB may present with symptoms such as pelvic pain, infertility, or abnormal menstrual bleeding.
**Correct Answer:** C. Hematogenous spread.