**Core Concept**
During birth, the infant's bones are subjected to various forces, leading to potential fractures. The most common fractured bone in newborns is due to the mechanical stress exerted on the bones during vaginal delivery.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The clavicle (collarbone) is the most frequently fractured bone in newborns, accounting for approximately 10-15% of all birth-related fractures. This is because the shoulder girdle is relatively fragile in infants, and the clavicle is subjected to significant stress as the baby passes through the birth canal. The medial end of the clavicle is more prone to fracture due to the compression force exerted by the anterior shoulder.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Scapula fractures are rare in newborns and are often associated with severe trauma or underlying bone disorders.
* **Option B:** Femur fractures are uncommon in newborns, as the femoral neck is relatively strong and resistant to fracture.
* **Option C:** Ribs are not typically fractured during birth, as they are surrounded by rib cage and protected by the intercostal muscles.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Newborns with clavicle fractures may present with a visible deformity, swelling, or bruising over the affected area. It is essential to differentiate between a fractured clavicle and other potential causes of shoulder pain, such as brachial plexus injury or congenital conditions.

**Correct Answer: C. Clavicle**