Most common finger print type is –
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the student's knowledge of dermatoglyphics, which is the study of the patterns of skin ridges on the fingertips and palms. Dermatoglyphics are unique to each individual and are used in forensic science to identify individuals.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **A. Arch type**. The arch type is the most common fingerprint pattern, accounting for approximately 60% of the population. This type of pattern is characterized by a smooth, uninterrupted curve on the fingerprint. The arch type is formed by the fusion of the ridges on the fingertip, resulting in a single, continuous curve.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option B:** Loop type is the second most common fingerprint pattern, but it is not the most common. Loop type patterns are characterized by a circular or oval-shaped pattern with ridges that enter and exit from the same point.
* **Option C:** Whorl type is a less common fingerprint pattern, characterized by a circular or spiral pattern with ridges that enter and exit from different points. Whorl type patterns are often associated with genetic disorders.
* **Option D:** Composite type is a rare fingerprint pattern that combines elements of arch, loop, and whorl types. It is not the most common fingerprint pattern.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The study of dermatoglyphics is used in forensic science to identify individuals, but it can also be used in medical research to study genetic disorders and developmental abnormalities.
**Correct Answer: A. Arch type**