Most common complication of supracondylar fracture of humerus –
**Core Concept**
Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are a common injury in children, typically occurring in the distal part of the humerus just above the elbow joint. The fracture can be classified into extension or flexion types, each with its own set of complications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most common complication of a supracondylar fracture is a nerve injury, specifically to the median or anterior interosseous nerve. This can occur due to the close proximity of these nerves to the fracture site. In extension-type fractures, the median nerve is more commonly affected, while flexion-type fractures are associated with anterior interosseous nerve injuries. The nerve injury can result in symptoms such as weakness or paralysis of the hand, numbness, or altered sensation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Myositis ossificans is a possible complication of supracondylar fractures, but it is not the most common. Myositis ossificans is a condition where heterotopic ossification occurs in muscle tissue, leading to calcification and potential muscle weakness.
**Option B:** Infection is a potential complication of any fracture, but it is not the most common complication of supracondylar fractures. Infection can occur due to open fractures or poor wound care.
**Option C:** Malunion or nonunion is a possible complication of supracondylar fractures, but it is not the most common. Malunion can occur if the fracture is not properly aligned, while nonunion can occur due to inadequate immobilization or poor blood supply.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential for clinicians to carefully assess the neurovascular status of children with supracondylar fractures, as nerve injuries can occur even with seemingly minor fractures. A thorough examination of the median and anterior interosseous nerves is crucial to prevent delayed diagnosis and treatment.
**Correct Answer:** B. Infection.