Most common complication of mumps in children is
**Core Concept**
Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, leading to inflammation of the parotid glands. The clinical manifestations of mumps can be divided into three stages: prodromal, parotid gland swelling, and resolution.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most common complication of mumps in children is orchitis, which is the inflammation of one or both testicles. This occurs due to the spread of the virus to the testicles, leading to pain, swelling, and fever. Orchitis is more common in post-pubertal males and can result in sterility if left untreated.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Otitis media, an inflammation of the middle ear, can be a complication of mumps but is not the most common.
**Option B:** Meningoencephalitis, an inflammation of the brain and meninges, is a rare but serious complication of mumps.
**Option C:** Pneumonia, an inflammation of the lungs, can occur in mumps but is not the most common complication.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Mumps orchitis can occur in up to 20% of post-pubertal males with mumps, and it is essential to diagnose and treat it promptly to prevent long-term consequences.
**Correct Answer: D. Orchitis.**