Most common cause of Neonatal conjunctivitis causing blindness is
**Core Concept**
Neonatal conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns, often acquired from their mother during delivery. This condition can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In some cases, these infections can lead to severe complications, including blindness.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most common cause of neonatal conjunctivitis causing blindness is Chlamydia trachomatis, a bacterium that can be transmitted from the mother to the child during delivery. Chlamydial conjunctivitis can lead to severe inflammation and scarring of the conjunctiva and cornea, resulting in vision loss or blindness. This is particularly concerning in cases where the infection is not promptly diagnosed and treated.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Gonococcal conjunctivitis is another common cause of neonatal conjunctivitis, but it typically presents with severe symptoms, including profuse discharge and swelling, and is usually identified and treated promptly.
* **Option B:** Viral conjunctivitis is often self-limiting and resolves on its own within a few days, without causing long-term complications like blindness.
* **Option C:** Fungal conjunctivitis is rare in neonates and typically occurs in immunocompromised individuals or those with a history of ocular trauma.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Chlamydial conjunctivitis can be asymptomatic, making it essential for healthcare providers to perform routine eye exams on newborns, especially in cases where maternal Chlamydia infection is suspected.
**Correct Answer: C. Chlamydia trachomatis**