Most common cause of death in PDA is?
**Core Concept**
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect characterized by the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, leading to a persistent communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. This results in excessive blood flow to the lungs, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and potential cardiac decompensation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most common cause of death in PDA is pulmonary hypertension and subsequent right heart failure. This occurs due to the increased pressure and volume load on the right ventricle, which can lead to right ventricular hypertrophy, dilation, and eventually failure. The increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries also causes vasoconstriction, further increasing the resistance and workload on the right heart.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** While infection and sepsis can be complications of PDA, they are not the most common cause of death.
* **Option B:** Cardiac arrhythmias can occur in PDA, but they are not the primary cause of mortality.
* **Option C:** Although surgical closure is a common treatment for PDA, it is not a cause of death.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Pulmonary hypertension is a critical complication of PDA that requires prompt recognition and treatment to prevent right heart failure and death.
**Correct Answer: C. Cardiac decompensation due to pulmonary hypertension.**