Which cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system are presnt in liver ?
**Core Concept**
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is a network of cells that play a crucial role in the immune system, including the liver. The cells of the MPS are involved in the phagocytosis of foreign particles, bacteria, and dead cells. They also produce and secrete various cytokines and chemokines that help to coordinate the immune response.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The liver contains a type of cell known as the Kupffer cell, which is a member of the MPS. These cells are resident macrophages that line the sinusoids of the liver and are responsible for the phagocytosis of foreign substances and bacteria that enter the liver via the bloodstream. The Kupffer cells also play a role in the clearance of dead cells and the production of cytokines and chemokines that help to regulate the immune response in the liver.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option B:** The liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are not part of the MPS, but rather a type of endothelial cell that lines the sinusoids of the liver. While they do play a role in the clearance of foreign substances from the bloodstream, they are not macrophages.
* **Option C:** The hepatic stellate cells are a type of cell found in the liver that are involved in the storage of vitamin A and the regulation of fibrosis. They are not part of the MPS.
* **Option D:** The hepatic immune cells, such as the dendritic cells and T cells, are not part of the MPS, but rather a type of immune cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune response.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is worth noting that the Kupffer cells play a critical role in the liver's response to infection and inflammation, and their dysfunction can lead to liver disease. For example, in conditions such as cirrhosis, the Kupffer cells are often activated and contribute to the liver's inflammatory response.
**Correct Answer: C. Kupffer cells are the macrophages that are present in the liver.**