Monoclonal antibody acting as enzyme is called as:
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the understanding of monoclonal antibodies that have been engineered to mimic the activity of enzymes. These types of antibodies are designed to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, similar to traditional enzymes.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Monoclonal antibodies that act as enzymes are known as **abzymes**. Abzymes work by binding to a specific substrate and facilitating a chemical reaction, often through a mechanism involving covalent modification or stabilization of the transition state. This is in contrast to traditional enzymes, which rely on amino acid residues to catalyze reactions. The correct answer is an example of an abzyme that has been engineered to mimic the activity of an enzyme.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This is not a recognized term for a monoclonal antibody that acts as an enzyme. While it may sound plausible, it is not a valid example of an abzyme.
* **Option B:** This option does not directly relate to the concept of monoclonal antibodies acting as enzymes. It may be a distractor intended to test the student's knowledge of antibody function, but it is not relevant to the specific question asked.
* **Option D:** This option is also not a recognized term for a monoclonal antibody that acts as an enzyme. It may be a distractor intended to test the student's knowledge of antibody function, but it is not relevant to the specific question asked.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
One important application of abzymes is in the development of novel therapeutic agents for diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. By targeting specific enzymes involved in disease pathogenesis, abzymes have the potential to provide highly targeted and effective treatments.
**Correct Answer:** C.