What is the modification of the mapleson E breathing system used in infants?
**Core Concept**
The Mapleson breathing systems are a group of breathing circuits used in anesthesia to deliver fresh gas flow to the patient. They are classified into five types: A, B, C, D, and E, each with different characteristics and modifications to suit various patient populations, including infants.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The Mapleson E system is a modification of the original Mapleson E circuit, designed specifically for use in infants. This system is also known as the Jackson-Rees modification of the Mapleson E circuit. The key feature of this circuit is the addition of a reservoir bag and a valve to prevent rebreathing of exhaled gases. The fresh gas flow (FGF) is delivered through the bag, which is attached to the breathing circuit.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The Mapleson A system is not designed for infants, as it has a high resistance to breathing and is not suitable for pediatric patients. It is primarily used for adult anesthesia.
**Option B:** The Mapleson B system is another type of breathing circuit, but it is not specifically designed for infants. It has a different configuration and is not suitable for pediatric anesthesia.
**Option C:** The Mapleson D system is a type of breathing circuit that is not commonly used in infants. It has a different configuration and is not suitable for pediatric anesthesia.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To remember the Mapleson breathing systems, use the mnemonic "ABCD E" to associate each type with its characteristics. The Mapleson E system is specifically designed for infants and is a modification of the original Mapleson E circuit.
**Correct Answer:** C. Jackson-Rees modification of the Mapleson E circuit.