The syndrome which consists of cleft palate, micrognathia and glossoptosis is known as
**Core Concept**
The question tests the knowledge of a congenital syndrome characterized by cleft palate, micrognathia (small lower jaw), and glossoptosis (downward displacement of the tongue). This syndrome is a result of abnormal embryonic development, specifically affecting the formation of the palate and the mandible.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), previously known as Pierre Robin syndrome. PRS is a congenital disorder that occurs due to a failure of the mandible to properly form during fetal development. This leads to a sequence of events, including:
* Micrognathia, which causes the tongue to fall back and obstruct the airway
* Glossoptosis, which can lead to respiratory distress and feeding difficulties
* Cleft palate, which may be present in some cases
The exact cause of PRS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to genetic and environmental factors. The diagnosis is typically made clinically, based on the presence of these characteristic features.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is not a recognized congenital syndrome. While cleft palate and micrognathia can occur separately, they do not form a syndrome when combined.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not related to the described symptoms. Cleft lip and palate can occur together, but they do not cause micrognathia or glossoptosis.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is not a recognized congenital syndrome. While micrognathia can occur in isolation, it is not typically associated with cleft palate and glossoptosis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Pierre Robin sequence is a classic example of a congenital syndrome that requires early recognition and management to prevent complications such as respiratory distress and feeding difficulties. A high index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose PRS, especially in infants with cleft palate and micrognathia.
**Correct Answer:** C.