Mechanism of secretion of macro molecules by cell in the manner of fusion with vesicle is
**Core Concept**
The process of secretion of macromolecules by cell fusion with vesicles is known as exocytosis, a form of cellular communication and nutrient release. This process involves the fusion of vesicles containing macromolecules with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents into the extracellular space.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Exocytosis involves the movement of vesicles towards the plasma membrane, followed by the fusion of the vesicle membrane with the plasma membrane, and finally, the release of the vesicle contents into the extracellular space. This process is mediated by SNARE proteins, which form complexes between the vesicle and plasma membranes, promoting membrane fusion. Exocytosis plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including neurotransmitter release, hormone secretion, and cell signaling.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not describe the process of exocytosis. While endocytosis involves the uptake of molecules into the cell, exocytosis involves the release of molecules from the cell.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it describes a different cellular process, phagocytosis, which involves the engulfment and ingestion of foreign particles or microorganisms by the cell.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it describes a different type of cellular transport, active transport, which involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, often requiring energy input.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it describes a different cellular process, pinocytosis, which involves the uptake of small molecules or fluids by the cell.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key feature of exocytosis is the involvement of SNARE proteins, which are essential for membrane fusion and vesicle release. Understanding the role of SNARE proteins can help clinicians appreciate the mechanisms underlying various neurological and endocrine disorders.
**Correct Answer: C. Exocytosis.**