## **Core Concept**
The prevention of parent-to-child transmission (PPTCT) of HIV involves a series of interventions aimed at reducing the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. The interventions include antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant women, safe delivery practices, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for the newborn.

## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, **Option C: Nevirapine**, is a part of the recommended regimen by the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that has been widely used in resource-limited settings due to its efficacy, safety profile, and simplicity of administration (a single dose to the mother at the onset of labor and a single dose to the newborn within 72 hours of birth).

## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** This option is blank and does not provide a valid choice for consideration.
- **Option B:** This option is also blank and does not present a viable alternative.
- **Option D:** This option is blank as well, offering no alternative for evaluation.

## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that the use of **Nevirapine** in a single dose for the mother and a single dose for the newborn has been a significant strategy in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, current guidelines may evolve towards more comprehensive regimens including antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all pregnant women living with HIV, regardless of their CD4 count or clinical status.

## **Correct Answer:** C. Nevirapine.

✓ Correct Answer: C. Niverapine 200 mg in active about to mother and syrup niverapine 2 mg/kg body weight to newborn with 72 hours of delivery