Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis will have all of the following features, except –
**Core Concept**
Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (ADPGN) is a type of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis characterized by the accumulation of immune complexes and complement activation, leading to glomerular injury and inflammation. This condition often follows a post-infectious or autoimmune etiology.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
ADPGN typically presents with features such as:
* Hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (excess protein in the urine)
* Rapidly progressive renal failure, often with a doubling of serum creatinine within weeks
* Hypertension and edema
* Low complement levels, particularly C3
* Presence of crescents in the glomeruli on biopsy
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because ADPGN is characterized by the presence of crescents in the glomeruli, which is a hallmark feature. However, without more information, it's difficult to provide a specific reason why this option might be incorrect.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because hypertension and edema are common features of ADPGN, rather than being exceptions.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because low complement levels, particularly C3, are a characteristic feature of ADPGN. Complement levels are often decreased due to complement activation and consumption.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that ADPGN often follows a post-infectious or autoimmune etiology, such as post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). PSGN typically occurs 1-3 weeks after a streptococcal infection, such as strep throat.
**Correct Answer: D**