A patient on alcohol dependence was given a drug & to avoid alcohol as drug interaction would lead to adverse drug reaction –
**Core Concept**
The question requires understanding of a specific drug interaction between a medication used to treat alcohol dependence and alcohol itself, which can lead to adverse effects.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Disulfiram (tetraethylthiuram disulfide) is a medication used in the management of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to ethanol. When disulfiram is taken and the patient consumes alcohol, it inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism. As a result, acetaldehyde builds up in the body, causing unpleasant symptoms such as flushing, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the scenario described in the question. The mechanism of action of disulfiram does not involve the inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the mechanism of action of disulfiram. Disulfiram does not work by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase indirectly.
**Option C:** This option is not relevant to the scenario described in the question. The mechanism of action of disulfiram does not involve the inhibition of GABA receptors.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the mechanism of action of disulfiram. Disulfiram does not work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the body.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When prescribing disulfiram, it is essential to counsel patients about the risks of consuming alcohol, as even small amounts can trigger severe adverse reactions.
**Correct Answer: C. Disulfiram**