New name of mental retardation according to American Association of Mental Retardation
**Core Concept**
Mental retardation is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant cognitive and adaptive deficits, which affect an individual's ability to learn and function in daily life. The term has undergone a name change due to its stigmatizing connotation and the shift towards more person-centered language.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and the American Psychiatric Association have replaced the term "mental retardation" with "intellectual disability." This change is based on the understanding that the condition is a result of a combination of genetic, prenatal, and environmental factors, rather than a personal failing or defect. The new terminology emphasizes the need for support and accommodations rather than shame or stigma.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because "mental retardation" is the outdated term being replaced, not a new name.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the American Association of Mental Retardation has changed its name to the American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD), but the term itself has been replaced.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to use person-centered language when discussing individuals with intellectual disabilities, focusing on their strengths and abilities rather than their deficits. This approach promotes inclusivity and respect for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
**Correct Answer: C. Intellectual Disability.**