MC side effect of IUCD is –
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the knowledge of the side effects associated with Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices (IUCDs). IUCDs are a form of long-term contraception that involves inserting a device into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The side effects of IUCDs can be mechanical or hormonal, depending on the type of device used.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the mechanical side effects of IUCDs. IUCDs can cause **pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)**, a serious bacterial infection of the female reproductive organs. This is because the insertion of the device can introduce bacteria into the uterus, leading to an infection. The risk of PID is higher in women who have never been pregnant, have a history of PID, or have a history of sexually transmitted infections.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because while IUCDs can cause changes in menstrual bleeding, PID is a more serious side effect that requires prompt medical attention.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because while IUCDs can cause changes in cervical mucus, this is not a common side effect that requires medical attention.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because while IUCDs can cause changes in menstrual bleeding, PID is a more serious side effect that requires prompt medical attention.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Women with a history of PID or sexually transmitted infections should not use IUCDs as a form of contraception. Additionally, women who have never been pregnant should be counseled about the increased risk of PID associated with IUCDs.
**Correct Answer:** D.