Malta fever is caused by –
**Core Concept**
Malta fever, also known as brucellosis, is a zoonotic infection caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. This disease is characterized by its ability to infect animals and humans, leading to a systemic infection that can affect multiple organ systems.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is Brucella melitensis, which is the most common cause of Malta fever. Brucella melitensis is typically transmitted to humans through contact with infected sheep, goats, or cattle. The bacteria enter the body through cuts or abrasions in the skin, or through mucous membranes, and then spread to the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria can infect various organs, including the liver, spleen, and bone marrow.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify a particular species of Brucella, which is necessary to identify the correct cause of Malta fever.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not mention Brucella, which is the genus of bacteria that causes Malta fever.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it refers to a different type of bacterial infection, not Malta fever.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Brucellosis is a classic example of a zoonotic infection, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. It's essential to take precautions when handling animals or their products to prevent infection.
**Correct Answer:** C. Brucella melitensis.