Malarial parasite in anopheles is
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the student's knowledge of the Plasmodium parasite, which is the causative agent of malaria. Specifically, it is asking about the type of Plasmodium that is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The Plasmodium parasite has several species that can cause malaria in humans, but only a few are transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Among these, Plasmodium falciparum is the most virulent and widespread species, and it is the primary cause of malaria-related morbidity and mortality. The parasite undergoes a complex life cycle, involving both the human host and the Anopheles mosquito vector. The female Anopheles mosquito ingests the gametocytes of the parasite while feeding on human blood, and the parasite then undergoes a series of developmental stages within the mosquito before being transmitted back to the human host.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify a particular Plasmodium species that is transmitted by Anopheles. While there are several species of Plasmodium that can be transmitted by Anopheles, this option is too vague to be correct.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because Plasmodium vivax is primarily transmitted by the human body louse, not the Anopheles mosquito.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because Plasmodium ovale is also primarily transmitted by the human body louse, not the Anopheles mosquito.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because Plasmodium malariae can be transmitted by other mosquito species, not just Anopheles.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the Plasmodium parasite has different species that can cause malaria, and each species has distinct characteristics and transmission patterns. Understanding the life cycle of the parasite and the role of the Anopheles mosquito in transmission is crucial for diagnosing and treating malaria.
**Correct Answer: C. Plasmodium malariae**