Major hormone secreted by zona reticularis of adrenal cortex –
**Core Concept:** Zona Reticularis (ZR) is a region within the adrenal cortex that plays a crucial role in the synthesis and secretion of specific hormones. The adrenal cortex is composed of three zones: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer, D, is dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), which is a steroid hormone primarily secreted by the zona reticularis. DHEA-S is the major product of the adrenal cortex and is involved in various physiological processes, including the synthesis of androgens and cortisol. DHEA-S is essential for maintaining normal growth, development, and sexual function in humans.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Aldosterone (A) is secreted by the zona glomerulosa, not the zona reticularis. Aldosterone regulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
B. Cortisol (B) is produced by the zona fasciculata, not the zona reticularis. Cortisol plays a vital role in stress response and overall physiological processes.
C. Mineralocorticoids (C) are a group of hormones, including aldosterone, produced by the zona glomerulosa. They help regulate electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
**Clinical Pearl:** The zona reticularis contributes to the adrenal cortex's hormonal output, but it is not responsible for producing aldosterone, cortisol, or mineralocorticoids. Instead, it plays a crucial role in maintaining overall hormonal balance and supporting the physiological functions of the adrenal glands. A thorough understanding of adrenal cortex zones is essential for grasping the complex interplay of hormones and their functions in the body.