Burkitt’s lymphoma is associated with which of the following gene anomaly –
**Core Concept**
Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the translocation of the c-MYC gene, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. This genetic anomaly is a hallmark of this cancer and is responsible for its rapid progression.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **c-MYC** translocation. This genetic anomaly occurs due to the breakage of the long arm of chromosome 8 (8q24) and the short arm of chromosome 14 (14p32), 2, or 22 (t(8;14)(q24;q32)). This translocation results in the overexpression of the c-MYC protein, which is a transcription factor that regulates cell growth and proliferation. The aberrant expression of c-MYC disrupts normal cell cycle regulation, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** While c-Kit mutations are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, they are not related to Burkitt's lymphoma.
* **Option B:** BCL-2 translocations are associated with follicular lymphoma, not Burkitt's lymphoma.
* **Option D:** N-RAS mutations are associated with various cancers, including melanoma and lung cancer, but are not specifically linked to Burkitt's lymphoma.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Burkitt's lymphoma is a rapidly progressive cancer that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. It is often associated with a high level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and can present with systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and night sweats.
**Correct Answer:** C. c-MYC translocation.