**Core Concept**
Duodenal ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer disease, characterized by mucosal erosion in the duodenum, often associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Treatment aims to heal the ulcer, eliminate the underlying cause, and prevent recurrence.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The lowest recurrence rate in duodenal ulcer treatment is seen with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in combination with antibiotics, specifically clarithromycin and amoxicillin, for H. pylori eradication. This approach addresses both the acid-related and bacterial components of duodenal ulcers. The PPIs reduce gastric acid secretion, while the antibiotics eliminate H. pylori, thereby reducing the risk of recurrence.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because antacids and histamine-2 (H2) blockers, while effective in reducing acid production, do not address the underlying bacterial cause of duodenal ulcers, leading to higher recurrence rates.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because antireflux medications, such as proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers, may not be sufficient to prevent recurrence in patients with H. pylori infection.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because surgery, such as vagotomy or pyloroplasty, is generally reserved for patients with complications or failure of medical therapy, and is not the primary treatment for preventing recurrence.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To prevent recurrence of duodenal ulcers, it is essential to address both the acid-related and bacterial components, using a combination of proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics for H. pylori eradication.

**Correct Answer: B. Antireflux medications.