Low osmolarity ORS – false statment is
**Core Concept**
The low osmolarity Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is a formulation designed to treat dehydration caused by diarrhea and other fluid losses. It contains reduced concentrations of sodium and chloride ions compared to the traditional ORS, which helps to minimize the risk of hypernatremia and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of low osmolarity ORS to treat dehydration in children and adults. This formulation is based on the concept of "osmotic equilibration," where the sodium and glucose concentrations are adjusted to match the body's natural osmotic balance. The reduced sodium content in low osmolarity ORS helps to prevent the excessive absorption of sodium, which can lead to hypernatremia.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because low osmolarity ORS contains a reduced concentration of sodium, not an increased concentration.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the reduced sodium content in low osmolarity ORS actually helps to prevent hypernatremia, not cause it.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because low osmolarity ORS is designed to treat dehydration, not exacerbate it.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because the composition of low osmolarity ORS is specifically designed to minimize the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, not increase it.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key consideration when using low osmolarity ORS is to ensure that the patient is not hypovolemic, as this can lead to a shift in the osmotic balance and potentially worsen dehydration.
**Correct Answer: D.**