**Core Concept**
The ligament extending from the cervix and vagina to the lateral pelvic wall is a crucial anatomical structure that provides support to the pelvic organs. This ligament plays a significant role in maintaining the pelvic organ's position and preventing prolapse.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The ligament in question is the **cardinal ligament**, also known as the Mackenrodt's ligament. It is composed of fibrous tissue and is attached to the cervix, vagina, and the lateral pelvic wall. The cardinal ligament provides significant support to the cervix and vagina, preventing them from prolapsing into the vagina. This ligament is also involved in maintaining the pelvic organ's position during pregnancy and childbirth.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** The round ligament of the uterus connects the uterus to the labia majora, not the lateral pelvic wall. It provides support to the uterus but does not attach to the cervix or vagina.
* **Option B:** The uterosacral ligaments connect the cervix to the sacrum, not the lateral pelvic wall. They provide support to the cervix and uterus but are not the ligament in question.
* **Option C:** The broad ligament of the uterus connects the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall, but it does not provide significant support to the cervix or vagina. It is a broad, fan-shaped ligament that contains blood vessels and nerves.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The cardinal ligament is often involved in pelvic organ prolapse, particularly in cases of uterine prolapse. Understanding the anatomy of this ligament is crucial for diagnosing and managing pelvic organ prolapse.

**Correct Answer: D. Cardinal ligament.**