Which of the following drugs prevents the release of leukotrienes and histamne from mast cells ?
**Core Concept**
Leukotrienes and histamine are potent mediators involved in allergic reactions, asthma, and anaphylaxis. They are stored in mast cells and released upon activation, leading to increased vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, and mucus production.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is a type of antihistamine that also inhibits the release of leukotrienes from mast cells. This is achieved through its action on the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzyme, which is involved in the production of leukotrienes. By inhibiting PLA2, the drug reduces the synthesis and release of leukotrienes, thereby preventing their effects on the body. Additionally, the drug acts as an H1 receptor antagonist, blocking the action of histamine on its receptor, which further contributes to its therapeutic effects.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of corticosteroid, which works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system, but does not directly inhibit the release of leukotrienes and histamine from mast cells.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, which reduces the production of prostaglandins, but does not affect the release of leukotrienes and histamine from mast cells.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of bronchodilator, which relaxes smooth muscles in the airways, but does not prevent the release of leukotrienes and histamine from mast cells.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To remember the correct answer, recall that it is a type of antihistamine that also has anti-leukotriene effects, often used in the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis.
**Correct Answer:** C. Cromolyn Sodium