**Question:** Lactose content of breast milk per 100 ml is -

A. 10 grams
B. 12 grams
C. 14 grams
D. 16 grams

**Correct Answer:** C. 14 grams

**Core Concept:**
Breast milk is a complex mixture of various nutrients and components that are essential for the growth and development of an infant. Lactose is a primary carbohydrate source in breast milk, and its content plays a crucial role in determining the calorie supply and energy balance of the infant. Lactose is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose, which are easily hydrolyzed into their monosaccharide components by the enzyme lactase in the infant's intestine, providing energy for the growing baby.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
Breast milk lactose content varies depending on the stage of lactation, maternal diet, and individual variations. In general, lactose content increases with the passage of time since lactation onset. As lactose is a primary source of energy for the infant, it is essential to understand its concentration in breast milk.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. 10 grams: This value is too low as lactose content generally increases with time since lactation onset.
B. 12 grams: Although lactose content can vary among individuals, this value is still too low compared to the correct answer C.
D. 16 grams: This value is too high, as lactose content generally decreases with advanced lactation stages.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
C. 14 grams: This value represents a plausible lactose content in breast milk, taking into account the lactose content increase during early lactation. Additionally, this value is commonly reported in scientific literature.

**Clinical Pearl:**
Understanding lactose content in breast milk is crucial for pediatricians and caregivers managing infants' nutrition. Adequate lactose intake is vital for the infant's growth and development, as it is the primary source of energy. Monitoring lactose content can help ensure infants receive the appropriate amount of nutrition from breast milk, potentially preventing growth issues or other complications associated with lactose deficiency or excess.