**Core Concept**
Humoral immunity is a type of adaptive immune response mediated by B lymphocytes (B cells) that produce antibodies to neutralize pathogens. The process involves the activation of B cells, which differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies to combat infection.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
B cells play a crucial role in humoral immunity by recognizing and binding to specific antigens through their surface-bound antibodies, known as B cell receptors. Upon activation, B cells undergo clonal expansion and differentiation into plasma cells, which produce large amounts of antibodies. These antibodies then neutralize or remove the pathogen from the body. The production of antibodies is crucial in providing long-term immunity against infections.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the type of cells involved in humoral immunity. T cells are primarily involved in cell-mediated immunity, not humoral immunity.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it refers to a type of immune response, not the cells involved in it. Humoral immunity is a type of immune response, not a cell type.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it refers to a type of cell involved in cell-mediated immunity, not humoral immunity. T cells, such as cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells, are involved in cell-mediated immunity, not humoral immunity.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to remember that B cells play a central role in humoral immunity, and their activation leads to the production of antibodies that provide long-term protection against infections.

**Correct Answer:** B. B lymphocytes (B cells)