Drug of choice for intractable hiccups –
## **Core Concept**
Intractable hiccups refer to persistent hiccups that last for more than 48 hours, often causing significant distress and disruption to a patient's quality of life. The management of intractable hiccups involves pharmacological interventions aimed at interrupting the hiccup reflex arc.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Baclofen, a **GABA receptor agonist**, is considered the drug of choice for intractable hiccups. It works by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system, which helps in interrupting the hiccup reflex arc. Baclofen has been shown to be effective in treating hiccups that are resistant to other treatments.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** This option is incorrect because, although not specified, common treatments for hiccups include metoclopramide and ondansetron, but they are not the first choice for intractable hiccups.
- **Option B:** This is actually the correct answer but let's evaluate the rest.
- **Option C:** This option might include drugs like chlorpromazine, which has been used for hiccups but is not the preferred choice due to its side effect profile.
- **Option D:** This could include other pharmacological agents, but they are not as effective or specifically indicated for intractable hiccups as baclofen.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical pearl is that **baclofen** can be started at a dose of 5 mg three times a day and increased if necessary. It's also noteworthy that intractable hiccups can sometimes be a manifestation of an underlying serious condition, so their investigation is crucial.
## **Correct Answer:** C. Baclofen