**Core Concept**
The formation of vascular lesions in the liver is a result of damage to the hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells, leading to increased vascular permeability and sinusoidal obstruction. This damage can be caused by various substances that induce oxidative stress and inflammation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **D. Amanita phalloides**. Amanita phalloides, a type of mushroom, contains alpha-amanitin, which causes liver damage by inhibiting RNA polymerase II, leading to cell death and subsequent vascular lesions. The toxin also induces oxidative stress and inflammation, further contributing to liver damage. The hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells are particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alpha-amanitin, resulting in the formation of vascular lesions.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because acetaminophen toxicity primarily causes centrilobular necrosis, not vascular lesions.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because ethanol primarily causes steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, but not vascular lesions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Amanita phalloides poisoning can be treated with silibinin, a flavonoid that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help prevent liver damage. Early treatment with silibinin is essential in reducing mortality and morbidity from Amanita phalloides poisoning.
**Correct Answer:** D. Amanita phalloides.
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
Access thousands of free MCQs, ebooks and daily exams.
By signing in you agree to our Privacy Policy.