Intake of high protein diet causes?
**Core Concept**
High protein intake is associated with increased renal workload, which can lead to various physiological changes in the body. This is due to the increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining acid-base balance, electrolyte homeostasis, and fluid status.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The increased protein intake leads to a higher load of nitrogenous waste products, which are excreted in the urine. The kidneys respond to this increased workload by increasing the GFR and renal blood flow. In the PCT, the increased sodium reabsorption helps to maintain fluid balance and blood pressure. However, this can also lead to increased calcium excretion and a higher risk of developing kidney stones.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** High protein intake can also cause a decrease in appetite and increase in satiety, but this is not the primary effect.
**Option B:** While high protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones, it is not the only factor contributing to this condition.
**Option C:** High protein intake may have a positive effect on bone density, but this is not the primary effect of high protein intake.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A high protein diet can increase the risk of kidney stones, particularly those composed of calcium oxalate. This is because the increased calcium excretion in the urine can combine with oxalate to form stones.
**Correct Answer: D. Increased renal workload.**