“Baby-friendly hospital initiative” (BFHI), created and promoted by WHO and _____
**Core Concept**
The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global program aimed at promoting breastfeeding and improving maternal-child health outcomes. It focuses on creating an environment that supports and encourages breastfeeding, with a goal of achieving exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The BFHI was created and promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). These organizations recognized the importance of breastfeeding for infant and maternal health, as well as the need for a standardized approach to promoting breastfeeding in hospitals worldwide.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is a prominent organization in pediatric care, but it is not directly involved in the creation or promotion of the BFHI.
**Option B:** The World Medical Association (WMA) is a global organization that promotes medical ethics and professionalism, but it is not associated with the BFHI.
**Option C:** The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) is a global organization that supports midwifery care, but it is not the primary organization behind the BFHI.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
BFHI hospitals must meet ten steps to achieve international recognition, including having a written breastfeeding policy, providing education to healthcare staff, and providing a 24-hour contact for breastfeeding support.
**Correct Answer: D. UNICEF. UNICEF.**