All are side effects of steroids given in anti-inflammatory dosages, except –
**Core Concept**
Steroids, specifically glucocorticoids, have anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting phospholipase A2, which in turn reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. This leads to decreased inflammation and swelling. However, high doses or prolonged use can result in various side effects.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is the one that does not belong to the list of common side effects of steroids given in anti-inflammatory dosages. Steroids can cause a range of side effects, including increased appetite and weight gain, mood changes, insomnia, and skin changes such as thinning skin and poor wound healing. However, one side effect that is not typically associated with anti-inflammatory dosages of steroids is:
**Option A:** Osteoporosis
Steroids can cause osteoporosis by suppressing the activity of osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. However, this is more commonly seen with long-term, high-dose steroid use rather than anti-inflammatory dosages.
**Option B:** Hypokalemia
Steroids can cause hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion in the urine. This can occur with both anti-inflammatory and high-dose steroid use.
**Option C:** Hirsutism
Steroids can cause hirsutism, which is excessive hair growth, particularly in women. This is a common side effect of steroid use, including anti-inflammatory dosages.
**Option D:** Hyperglycemia
Steroids can cause hyperglycemia by increasing glucose production in the liver and decreasing glucose uptake in the muscles. This is a common side effect of steroid use, including anti-inflammatory dosages.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Steroids can cause a range of side effects, and it's essential to weigh the benefits against the risks when prescribing them. Long-term use of high doses can lead to significant side effects, while anti-inflammatory dosages are generally well-tolerated for short periods.
**Correct Answer:** A. Osteoporosis