True about anaplastic Ca of thyroid -a) Common in elderlyb) Surrounding neck tissues are freec) Lymphatic infiltration occursd) p53 mutation
**Core Concept**
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and aggressive type of thyroid cancer characterized by its rapid growth and poor prognosis. ATC often arises in the context of a pre-existing well-differentiated thyroid cancer, such as papillary or follicular thyroid cancer, and is associated with genetic mutations that disrupt normal cellular function.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Option A: **c) Lymphatic infiltration occurs** is correct because ATC is known to exhibit aggressive behavior, including lymphatic spread, which contributes to its poor prognosis. This is in contrast to well-differentiated thyroid cancers, which tend to spread hematogenously. Option A: **a) Common in elderly** is also correct as ATC typically presents in older adults, often in the seventh or eighth decade of life. Option A: **d) p53 mutation** is correct as mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene are commonly found in ATC and contribute to its aggressive behavior.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option B:** ad is incorrect because option a) Common in elderly is correct, but option d) p53 mutation is already included in option A, making it redundant. **Option C:** bc is incorrect because option c) Lymphatic infiltration occurs is correct, but option b) Surrounding neck tissues are free is not typically true for ATC, which often invades surrounding structures. **Option D:** bde is incorrect because option b) Surrounding neck tissues are free is not typically true for ATC, which often invades surrounding structures, making option b incorrect.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
ATC is often referred to as "undifferentiated" or "medullary" thyroid cancer, but it is actually a distinct entity with a poor prognosis. Its aggressive behavior and frequent invasion of surrounding structures make it a challenging cancer to manage surgically.
**✓ Correct Answer: A. acd. Anaplastic Ca of thyroid - Common in elderly, Lymphatic infiltration occurs, p53 mutation.**