The following diseases are associated with Epstein – Barr virus infection, except :
**Core Concept**
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpesvirus family that infects over 90% of the global population at some point in their lives. EBV is primarily known for causing infectious mononucleosis (mono) but is also linked to various malignancies and autoimmune disorders.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with EBV infection due to the virus's ability to immortalize B cells, leading to the development of lymphoproliferative disorders. EBV is also implicated in the pathogenesis of certain cancers, such as Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Additionally, EBV has been linked to autoimmune conditions like multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because infectious mononucleosis is indeed associated with EBV infection. The virus causes symptoms like fever, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy in affected individuals.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as EBV has been linked to the development of Hodgkin lymphoma, a type of cancer that affects the immune system. EBV-positive Reed-Sternberg cells are a hallmark of this disease.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as EBV has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma, a type of cancer that affects the stomach lining.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that EBV is a ubiquitous virus and often causes mild or asymptomatic infections in healthy individuals. However, in immunocompromised patients or those with genetic predispositions, EBV can lead to severe complications.
**Correct Answer:** D