Increased PT and Normal PTT are found in? –
**Core Concept**
The question tests the understanding of coagulation pathways, specifically the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, and how they relate to prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT). **Coagulation disorders** can be diagnosed by analyzing these tests.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Given that the correct answer choice is missing, I'll explain the concept: Isolated prolongation of **PT** with a normal **PTT** suggests a problem in the extrinsic coagulation pathway. This could be due to a deficiency or inhibitor of **factor VII**, which is part of the extrinsic pathway, or it could be due to **liver disease** affecting the production of clotting factors, including those in the extrinsic pathway, or the use of **warfarin**, a vitamin K antagonist that affects the gamma-carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X).
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Would be incorrect if it suggested a condition affecting both PT and PTT, such as **disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)**.
**Option B:** Might be incorrect if it implied a condition that would affect the intrinsic pathway, thus altering PTT, such as **hemophilia A or B**.
**Option C:** Could be incorrect if it referred to a condition that would not specifically result in isolated PT prolongation.
**Option D:** Might be incorrect for similar reasons as the others, depending on what condition it represented.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that **liver disease** and **vitamin K deficiency** can lead to coagulopathy with an initial isolated prolongation of PT due to the decreased production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
**Correct Answer:** Correct Answer: D. Isolated factor VII deficiency or Warfarin use.