Increased intraocular tension can be diagnosed by ?
**Core Concept**
The diagnosis of increased intraocular tension is crucial in managing conditions such as glaucoma. The intraocular pressure (IOP) is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is an essential parameter in assessing the health of the eye.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is a tonometer, which measures the IOP by flattening the cornea and detecting the rebound of the tonometer's plunger. The most common type of tonometer is the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), which is considered the gold standard for measuring IOP. The GAT works by applying a standardized amount of force to the cornea, flattening it, and then measuring the resulting pressure. This method is accurate and reliable, making it the preferred choice for diagnosing increased intraocular tension.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Tonography is a method used to measure the facility of outflow of aqueous humor from the eye, which is not directly related to diagnosing increased intraocular tension.
**Option B:** Ophthalmoscopy is a technique used to examine the interior of the eye, including the retina and optic disc, but it is not used to measure IOP.
**Option C:** Perimetry is a visual field test used to assess the field of vision and detect any defects or abnormalities, but it is not a method for diagnosing increased intraocular tension.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that the IOP can fluctuate throughout the day, and a single measurement may not accurately reflect the patient's true IOP. Therefore, it is recommended to take multiple measurements over a period of time to get an accurate assessment of the IOP.
**Correct Answer: D. Tonometry. Tonometry is the measurement of intraocular pressure using a tonometer.**