Factor associated with increased incidence for sudden infant death syndrome is –
**Core Concept**
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a sudden and unexplained death of an infant under one year of age. The exact cause of SIDS remains unknown, but it is believed to be related to a combination of factors including sleep environment, genetics, and underlying medical conditions.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with an increased risk of SIDS due to the presence of a specific genetic mutation. This mutation affects the functioning of the serotonin system, which plays a crucial role in regulating arousal and sleep-wake cycles in infants. Infants with this mutation may have an increased risk of SIDS due to impaired serotonin signaling, leading to altered sleep patterns and reduced arousal responses to environmental stimuli.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Incorrect because maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for SIDS, but it is not the correct answer.
**Option B:** Incorrect because while sleep position and environment are important factors in SIDS prevention, they are not the correct answer in this context.
**Option C:** Incorrect because while certain genetic mutations, such as those affecting the serotonin system, are associated with an increased risk of SIDS, they are not the correct answer in this context.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential for healthcare providers to educate parents about the importance of a safe sleep environment, including a firm mattress, tight-fitting sheet, and a room with a consistent temperature. Additionally, parents should be advised to place their infant on their back to sleep and avoid overheating or over-bundling.
**Correct Answer: C.**