**Core Concept**
Volkman's ischemia, also known as compartment syndrome, is a condition characterized by increased pressure within a closed osteofascial compartment, leading to impaired blood flow and subsequent tissue ischemia. This occurs due to the imbalance between the blood supply and demand of the affected limb.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is to perform surgery. The primary goal of surgery in Volkman's ischemia is to relieve the increased pressure within the compartment by releasing the fascial constraints, thereby restoring blood flow to the affected limb. This is typically achieved through a fasciotomy, which involves surgically opening the affected compartment to allow for the return of blood flow and subsequent recovery of the affected tissues.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Immediate surgery is not always necessary, but rather, initial management involves immobilization, elevation, and monitoring for signs of compartment syndrome. Surgery is reserved for cases where compartment syndrome is confirmed.
**Option B:** Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) are initial management strategies for acute injuries, but they are not sufficient to address the pathophysiology of compartment syndrome.
**Option C:** Pharmacological interventions, such as vasodilators, are not effective in treating compartment syndrome, as they do not address the underlying cause of increased pressure within the compartment.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical correlation is that patients with Volkman's ischemia may present with a "six Ps": pain, pallor, pulselessness, poikilothermia, paraesthesia, and paralysis, which can help differentiate this condition from other limb injuries.

**Correct Answer: C. Surgical decompression is the definitive treatment for Volkman's ischemia.**