A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is prescribed with Zidovudine (Azidothymidine). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor while on this medication?
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is prescribed with Zidovudine (Azidothymidine). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor while on this medication?
💡 Explanation
## **Core Concept**
Zidovudine, also known as Azidothymidine (AZT), is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It works by inhibiting the activity of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme crucial for the replication of retroviruses, including HIV. Monitoring certain laboratory parameters is essential to manage its potential side effects.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, , involves monitoring the **complete blood count (CBC)**, particularly the **absolute neutrophil count (ANC)** and **hemoglobin levels**. Zidovudine can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to **neutropenia** (low ANC) and **anemia**. These side effects are significant because they can increase the risk of infections and reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Regular monitoring of these parameters allows for dose adjustment or temporary discontinuation of the medication to prevent severe complications.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** While monitoring **liver function tests (LFTs)** is important for many drugs, Zidovudine's primary concern is not hepatotoxicity but bone marrow suppression.
- **Option B:** Although **electrolyte levels** are crucial for many medications, Zidovudine's side effect profile does not primarily involve electrolyte imbalances.
- **Option C:** Monitoring **CD4 count** is essential for assessing the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy but is not directly related to the side effects of Zidovudine that require immediate intervention.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that Zidovudine can cause **bone marrow suppression**, manifesting as neutropenia and anemia. The nurse should closely monitor the client's **CBC**, particularly ANC and hemoglobin levels, to manage these side effects effectively.