Peripheral resistance is decreased in which type of shock -a) Hypovolemic shockb) Neurogenic shockc) Septic shockd) Cardiogenic shock

**Core Concept**
Peripheral resistance is a critical determinant of blood pressure, influenced by the tone of resistance vessels. In shock states, decreased peripheral resistance can compromise cardiac output, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Neurogenic shock, characterized by loss of sympathetic tone, results in vasodilation and a significant decrease in peripheral resistance. This is often seen in spinal cord injuries, leading to hypotension and bradycardia. Septic shock, caused by systemic inflammation and the release of vasodilatory mediators, also leads to decreased peripheral resistance. The vasodilatory effects of these mediators, such as nitric oxide, lead to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance, contributing to the hypotension seen in septic shock.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Hypovolemic shock, resulting from inadequate blood volume, is characterized by increased peripheral resistance due to vasoconstriction, as the body attempts to maintain blood pressure in the face of decreased preload.

**Option B:** Cardiogenic shock, caused by a failure of the heart to pump effectively, results in increased peripheral resistance due to compensatory vasoconstriction, as the body attempts to maintain blood pressure in the face of decreased cardiac output.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In shock states, the primary determinant of blood pressure is the interplay between cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Understanding the pathophysiology of each shock type is crucial for appropriate management and resuscitation.

**Correct Answer:**
✓ Correct Answer: D. bc