**Question:** Non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension

**Core Concept:** Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure. Non-modifiable risk factors are those that an individual cannot change or control, whereas modifiable risk factors are factors that an individual can alter to reduce their risk of developing hypertension or to lower their blood pressure if already affected.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
The correct answer, **"D. Age"**, is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension. As an individual ages, the arterial walls become less elastic and more rigid, thereby increasing the pressure required to push blood through the narrowing arteries. This increased pressure can lead to hypertension over time.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. **"Genetics"** is another non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension. A family history of hypertension increases the chances of an individual developing the condition due to genetic predisposition.

B. **"Gender"** is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension. Men and women have different physiological responses to stress, leading to higher blood pressure in men and higher blood pressure in women. However, this does not mean that an individual can change their gender to lower their risk of hypertension.

C. **"Race"** is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension. Some studies suggest that certain racial or ethnic groups may have higher prevalence of hypertension, but individuals cannot change their race to reduce their risk of developing hypertension.

**Clinical Pearl:**
Hypertension is a complex and multifactorial condition influenced by multiple non-modifiable risk factors, including age, genetics, gender, and race. While individuals cannot change these factors, they can work on modifiable risk factors such as maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, adhering to a balanced diet, limiting alcohol intake, and managing stress to reduce their overall risk of hypertension.