On chronic treatment with a drug, patient presents with gingival hyperplasia and facial hirsutism. The drug most likely to cause these side-effects is –
**Core Concept**
The question tests the knowledge of side effects associated with long-term use of certain medications, specifically focusing on the development of gingival hyperplasia and facial hirsutism. These symptoms are indicative of an androgenic effect, which is a common side effect of certain classes of drugs.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is likely a drug that is known to have androgenic properties, leading to increased levels of androgens in the body. This can cause an increase in hair growth (hirsutism) and lead to the overgrowth of gum tissue (gingival hyperplasia). This effect is often seen with drugs that are metabolized to active androgens in the body, such as certain anticonvulsants.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because while it may have some side effects, it is not typically associated with androgenic effects or gingival hyperplasia.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not known to cause androgenic effects or hirsutism, and its side effect profile does not typically include gingival hyperplasia.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because while it can cause some hormonal imbalances, it is not typically associated with androgenic effects or the specific side effects listed.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The most common culprits behind androgenic side effects are anticonvulsants like phenytoin and carbamazepine, which can be metabolized to active androgens in the body, leading to hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia.
**Correct Answer:** C.