What will be the prescription of spectacles in a patient having simple hypermetropia with the rule astigmatism?
**Core Concept**
The question tests the understanding of refractive errors, specifically **simple hypermetropia** and **with the rule astigmatism**. Simple hypermetropia refers to a condition where the eyeball is shorter than normal, causing light to focus behind the retina. With the rule astigmatism occurs when the vertical meridian of the cornea is more curved than the horizontal meridian.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In simple hypermetropia, the prescription is typically a plus power to correct the focal length. With the rule astigmatism requires a cylindrical correction, with the axis at 180 degrees (or near 180 degrees) to correct the uneven curvature of the cornea. The combination of these two conditions would result in a prescription that includes a plus sphere to correct hypermetropia and a minus cylinder at an axis of 180 degrees to correct the astigmatism.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Would be incorrect because it does not specify the cylindrical correction needed for astigmatism.
**Option B:** Is incorrect as it doesn't address the hypermetropic component.
**Option D:** Would not be correct as it does not properly address the type of astigmatism present.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that with the rule astigmatism is more common and typically requires a minus cylinder correction at 180 degrees, while against the rule astigmatism requires a plus cylinder correction at 90 degrees.
**Correct Answer:** +1.00 DS / -0.50 DC x 180.