The antidepressant which selectively blocks 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake is
**Question:** The antidepressant which selectively blocks 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake is
A. Fluoxetine
B. Escitalopram
C. Paroxetine
D. Sertraline
**Correct Answer:** D. Sertraline
**Core Concept:**
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of antidepressants that primarily target the neurotransmitter serotonin. Selective refers to their ability to bind and block the reuptake of serotonin at the presynaptic neuron, thereby increasing the availability of serotonin at the postsynaptic neuron. This leads to enhanced serotonergic activity and helps alleviate symptoms of depression.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that selectively blocks the reuptake of serotonin, leading to increased serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft. By enhancing serotonergic activity, sertraline helps to improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Fluoxetine (Prozac) is another SSRI; however, it does not selectively block the reuptake of serotonin. It also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine to a lesser extent, making it less selective than sertraline.
B. Escitalopram (Lexapro) is another SSRI but, similar to Fluoxetine, it does not selectively block the reuptake of serotonin. It also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine to a lesser extent, making it less selective than sertraline.
C. Paroxetine (Paxil) is another SSRI, but it also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine, making it less selective than sertraline.
**Clinical Pearl:**
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a commonly used class of antidepressants. Sertraline is a particularly selective SSRI, which makes it a preferred choice for patients who may experience side effects from less selective SSRIs due to its more selective action on serotonin.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Fluoxetine (Prozac) is less selective than sertraline. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which may lead to more side effects and less efficiency compared to sertraline.
B. Escitalopram (Lexapro) is also less selective than sertraline. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which may result in more side effects and less efficiency compared to sertraline.
C. Paroxetine (Paxil) is less selective than sertraline. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which may lead to more side effects and