Herpangina is caused by:
**Core Concept**
Herpangina is a self-limiting illness characterized by the sudden onset of sore throat, fever, and small, vesicular lesions on the tonsils, pharynx, and soft palate. It is primarily caused by viral infections, particularly coxsackieviruses A and B.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The coxsackieviruses A and B are part of the enterovirus family and are known to cause herpangina. These viruses replicate in the oropharynx and lead to the formation of small vesicles that rupture, leaving behind ulcers. The infection is usually spread through fecal-oral contact or via contaminated food and water.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause oral herpes, but it is not the primary cause of herpangina.
**Option B:** Adenovirus can cause pharyngitis, but it is not typically associated with herpangina.
**Option C:** Influenza virus can cause respiratory illness, but it is not linked to herpangina.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Coxsackieviruses A and B are highly contagious and can spread rapidly through schools, daycare centers, and other close-contact settings. Herpangina is usually self-limiting and resolves on its own within 7-10 days.
**Correct Answer:** D. Coxsackieviruses A and B.