True about TIPS -a) It is a type of portocaval shuntb) It is intrahepatic shuntc) Performed by passing endoscopesd) Most suitable for patient going for liver transplant
**Core Concept**
The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) is a medical intervention used to manage complications of portal hypertension, such as refractory ascites and variceal bleeding. It involves creating a shunt between the hepatic vein and the portal vein to reduce portal pressure.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
TIPS is a type of portocaval shunt that involves creating a shunt within the liver. The procedure is performed by interventional radiologists using a femoral vein approach and a transjugular approach to access the hepatic vein. This minimally invasive technique allows for the creation of a shunt without the need for open surgery. The most suitable candidates for TIPS are patients with refractory ascites or variceal bleeding who are not responding to medical management and are not candidates for liver transplantation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Incorrect because, although TIPS is a type of portocaval shunt, it is not the only type, and the term is not specific enough to describe the TIPS procedure.
**Option C:** Incorrect because TIPS is not performed by passing endoscopes, but rather through a transjugular approach using fluoroscopic guidance.
**Option D:** Incorrect because while TIPS can be a bridge to liver transplantation in some cases, it is not the most suitable option for patients going for liver transplant, as it can actually worsen liver function in the short term.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
TIPS is a lifesaving procedure for patients with refractory ascites and variceal bleeding, but it is not without risks, including hepatic encephalopathy and worsening liver function.
**Correct Answer: a) It is a type of portocaval shunt**