Hematuria may occur in snake bite of –
**Core Concept**
Hematuria, or the presence of blood in the urine, can be a symptom of various medical conditions, including those related to snake bites. In some cases, snake venom can cause damage to the kidneys or urinary tract, leading to hematuria.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the effect of snake venom on the kidneys. Certain snake venoms, particularly those from the Indian cobra (Naja naja) and the Russell's viper (Daboia russelii), can cause hemorrhagic nephritis, a condition characterized by inflammation and bleeding in the kidneys. This can lead to hematuria, as well as other symptoms such as proteinuria and oliguria. The venom's nephrotoxic effects are thought to be mediated by the presence of certain toxins, such as phospholipase A2, which can damage the renal tubules and glomeruli.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify a snake that is known to cause hematuria through its venom. While many snakes can cause renal damage, not all are associated with hematuria.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not provide a specific snake that is known to cause hematuria. Without more information, it is difficult to determine the validity of this option.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is not a specific snake that is known to cause hematuria. While some snakes may cause renal damage, this option is too vague to be considered correct.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When evaluating a patient with hematuria, it is essential to consider the possibility of a snake bite, particularly in regions where venomous snakes are common. A thorough history and physical examination can help identify patients who may have been exposed to snake venom.
**Correct Answer:** D.